തദ്ദേശസ്ഥാപനങ്ങളുടെ പദ്ധതി നിര്‍വ്വഹണം - 1997-98 മുതല്‍ 2015 -2016 വരെ - സംക്ഷിപ്ത വിവരങ്ങള്‍.

Decentralized Planning through Local Self Governments in Kerala

The role of local bodies in the formulation and implementation of plan was very limited in Kerala like other parts of India before 1996-97. Main activities were the local bodies were the utilization of untied plan grants and implementation of sponsored projects of State as well as Central Governments. As a First time in the history of Local Self Governments, in 1989-90 following the recommendations of Shri S.B.Sen , State Government decided to provide every village with an untied plan grant which could be utilized as per their priorities. In the State budget of 1996-97 Government of Kerala allocated total of Rs.212 Crores ,ie,Rs.69 Crores for the Urban Local Bodies and Rs.143 Crores for the rural local bodies as untied plan grants. These allocations were made in addition to the schematic transfer to the tune of Rs.109 Crores to the panchayatiraj institutions. Thus the total transfer to the Local bodies in 1996-97 was Rs.321 Crores.

Government of Kerala had been earmarking assigned taxes, shared taxes and statutory and non statutory grants in aids to the LSGs upto the implementation of the Second State Finance Commission period. Since the implementation of the Second Finance Commission , the budgetary provisions of grants- in aid to LSGs has four categories, ie, General purpose /traditional functions , road maintenance assets, non road maintenance assets and plan grants ( expansion and development). Second Finance Commission advocated three and half percentage of own revenue be devolved to LSGs as General Purpose grants or otherwise called traditional Functions grants. This grants could be utilized for meeting expenses in the traditional sectors and operating costs of the LSGs. Maintenance grants to roads and non roads was also recommended by the Second Finance Commission. Plan grants can also be divided into three, ie, general sector, Special Component Plan ( SCP) and Tribal Sub Plan ( TSP).

Table No.1

Total budgetary allocation to the Local Self Governments in Kerala

	Plan fund	Non Plan	Total
1996-97	212.00	616.15	828.15
1997-98	749.00	297.20	1046.20
1998-99	950.00	384.30	1334.30
1999-00	1020.00	405.40	1425.40
2000-01	1045.00	419.90	1464.90
2001-02	850.00	440.90	1290.90
2002-03	1342.00	472.20	1814.20
2003-04	1317.00	505.60	1822.60
2004-05	1350.00	531.00	1881.00
2005-06	1375.00	657.00	2032.10
2006-07	1400.00	649.00	2049.90
2007-08	1540.00	714.90	2254.90
2008-09	1694.00	786.30	2480.30
2009-10	1863.00	865.00	2728.00
2010-11	2050.00	951.00	3001.50
2011-12	2750.00	1409.80	4159.80
2012-13	3228.00	1821.20	5049.20
2013-14	4000.00	2314.60	6314.60
2014-15	4700.00	2706.80	7406.80
2015-16	4800.00	2879.40	7679.40
20 years average	1911.75 (65.85)	991.38 (34.15)	2903.21 (100.00)

Source: Economic Reviews of various years and budgetary documents.

Non Plan assistance

Total budgetary allocation to the Local Self Governments in Kerala from 2004-05 to 2015-16

Year	Traditional Functions	Maintenance to roads	Maintenance to non roads	Plan Fund	Total
2004-05	205.3	129.3	196.4	1350	1881.0
2005-06	255.5	174.9	226.7	1375	2032.1
2006-07	300.0	138.9	211.0	1400	2049.9
2007-08	330.0	152.8	232.1	1540	2254.9
2008-09	362.9	168.1	255.3	1694	2480.3
2009-10	399.3	184.9	280.8	1863	2728.0
2010-11	439.2	203.4	308.9	2050	3001.5
2011-12	617.0	528.5	264.3	2750	4159.8
2012-13	735.2	724.0	362.0	3228	5049.2
2013-14	900.1	943.0	471.5	4000	6314.6
2014-15	1052.6	1102.8	551.4	4700	7406.8
2015-16	1119.8 (14.6)	1173.1 (15.3)	586.5 (7.6)	4800 (62.5)	7679.4 (100.0)

Since 2004-05 Government of Kerala has been earmarking allocation to LSGs as Traditional Functions, Maintenance to roads, Maintenance to non roads and Plan Fund as per the recommendation of Second State Finance Commission.

Plan assistance

Table no.2 Plan allocation

Year	Total Plan allocation	Total	% to total
1996-97	2200	212	9.64
1997-98	2855	749	26.23
1998-99	3100	950	30.65
1999-00	3250	1020	31.38
2000-01	3535	1045	29.56
2001-02	3015	850	28.19
2002-03	4026	1342	33.33
2003-04	4430	1317	29.73
2004-05	4800	1350	28.13
2005-06	5369	1375	25.61
2006-07	6680	1400	20.96
2007-08	6950	1540	22.16
2008-09	7700	1694	22.00
2009-10	8920	1863	23.30
2010-11	10025	2050	21.90
2011-12	11030	2750	23.30
2012-13	14010	3228	23.00
2013-14	17000	4000	23.50
2014-15	20000	4700	23.50
2015-16	20000	4800	24.00
Average for 20 years	7944.75	1911.75	25.00

Source: Economic Review 2012 and Budget Documents

Figure No. 1 Percentage of Plan assistance to LSGs

Table no. 3 . Plan assistance to various forms of LSGs

Year	Grama Panchayat	Block panchayat	District panchayat	Municiplity	Corporation	Total	% change
1996-97	100.00	15.00	28.00	54.00	15.00	212	-
1997-98	420.49	108.69	123.94	62.34	33.54	749	253.3
1998-99	549.54	135.02	142.67	81.89	40.88	950	26.8
1999-00	595.01	144.41	148.39	88.13	44.06	1020	7.37
2000-01	608.92	148.8	153.07	89.52	44.69	1045	2.45
2001-02	483.43	115.32	115.32	74.41	61.52	850	(-)18.66
2002-03	760.84	179.94	180.94	122.60	97.68	1342	57.88
2003-04	741.70	179.60	185.01	117.44	93.25	1317	(-)1.86
2004-05	759.17	185.02	190.79	119.91	95.11	1350	2.51
2005-06	777.05	192.25	198.21	115.12	92.37	1375	1.85
2006-07	787.89	199.85	205.83	144.44	91.99	1400	1.80
2007-08	866.68	219.83	226.4	125.91	101.18	1540	10.00
2008-09	943.44	240.08	243.67	107.42	107.42	1694	10.00
2009-10	1048.66	265.99	273.95	152.23	122.14	1863	10.00
2010-11	1154.16	292.53	301.28	167.69	134.31	2050	10.03
2011-12	1515.46	372.32	372.32	275.56	214.31	2750	34.14
2012-13	1849.95	398.57	399.07	333.27	247.57	3228	11.73
2013-14	2207.49	532.66	532.66	408.58	318.58	4000	23.91
2014-15	2595.59	622.98	622.98	482.38	376.05	4700	17.5
2015-16	2685.59	622.98	622.98	491.38	377.05	4800	2.12
20 years average	1072.55 (56.10)	258.59 (13.53)	263.37 (13.78)	180.71 (9.46)	135.44 (7.08)	1910.66 (100.00)	-

Source: Economic Review 2007 and

Utilization of available funds in Local Self Governments

LSGs have been allocation their plan funds into three sectors common called productive, service and infrastructure sectors. Total fund available for these sectors in 2013-14 was Rs.5057.59 Crores. Out of this 9 percent allocated to productive sector, 58 percent allocated to service sector and the remaining 33 percent allocated to infrastructure sector.

Table no.4 Availability and utilization of Funds in LSGs

Year	Fund available	Expenditure	% of expenditure
2003-04	1228.67	1089.86	88.70
2004-05	1163.72	930.63	79.97
2005-06	1370.65	980.93	71.57
2007-08	1713.16	1377.49	80.41
2008-09	1966.94	1441.43	73.28
2009-10	2368.27	1749.01	73.85
2010-11	2882.50	1917.04	66.51
2012-13	3870.32	2741.67	70.84
2013-14	5057.59	3918.27	77.47